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Wavien, Inc. Licensed Premien Recycling LED Technology to TaYih Industrial Co., Ltd. for Flashlights
LIGHTimes News Staff
May 11, 2010...Wavien of Valencia, California USA and TaYih Industrial Company of Taiwan report that Ta Yih Industrial has licensed Wavien's Premien LED Recycling technology for use in ultra-narrow beam, high-output tactical LED flashlights. Wavien contends that its new design produces over 80% increase in output intensity compared to standard technology.
Wavien' claims that its Premien Recycling Collar is a very low-cost component that captures the wasted light in conventional LED lighting designs, recycles the light, and directs it back into the output beam.
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PowerSecure's EfficientLights Business Introduces New LED Lighting for Retailers' Walk-in Freezer/Coolers and Open Refrigerated Shelves
May 11, 2010...Power Secure International Inc., of Wake Forest, North Carolina USA
announced that its EfficientLights business has introduced a new LED light for walk-in freezer coolers and a new LED light for open refrigerated shelves. The company says that the two new LED lighting products improve the energy efficiency and quality of light in grocery, drug, and convenience stores. The company notes that the lights complement its successful flagship EfficientLights product for refrigerated case doors. The customers of EfficientLights flagship product urged the company to bring the new lights to market.
The company boasts that the new lights were designed, tested, and perfected in real world settings, including operating grocery stores of major chains who have installed the Company's flagship EfficientLights product.
Bryan Beatenbough, President of EfficientLights, said, "We are very excited to bring these new products to market. We have been blessed to have a wonderfully successful EfficientLights refrigerated case door product that is improving energy efficiency and lighting in stores across the country, and we can now bring retailers these benefits to additional areas of their stores. Similar to the process we used to develop our flagship product, we designed our new lights in partnership with our customers -- to make sure our light addresses their real-world needs. The release of these new lights to the marketplace represents another major milestone in our plan to bring retailers a full suite of LED lighting for their stores."
Samsung Group to Invest $20.6 Billion Including $7.5 Billion for LED Technology Applications
LIGHTimes News Staff
May 11, 2010...Samsung Group of Seoul Korea says it plans to invest 23.3 trillion won ($20.6 billion) in technologies including solar cells, rechargeable cells for hybrid electric vehicles, LED technologies, biopharmaceuticals and medical devices, a press release stated. Samsung Group's largest individual investment planned is 8.6 trillion won ($7.5 billion) in LED technology applications such as backlit TVs and displays, lighting and car electronics, the release said.
Executives of the Samsung Group's companies announced the plan at a meeting Monday. Samsung indicated that the money would go towards: LED technologies, solar cells, rechargeable cells for hybrid electric vehicles, biopharmaceuticals, and medical devices.Samsung Group expects the expansion to create about 45,000 new jobs and result in an additional 50 trillion won ($44 billion) in annual revenue for affiliate companies through 2020.
"When other global companies hesitate, we must move ahead decisively to take this opportunity, and this will also benefit the country's economy," Lee told Monday's meeting, according to the statement. "Striving to resolve unemployment, we should hire young and highly skilled employees also."
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Driving down the costs - Part 1
Tom Griffiths - Publisher
April 29, 2010...One of the common questions we get from those outside of the "chip head" side of the industry is, "Why don't they just make the LEDs (and/or solar cells) cheaper? It can't be rocket science." Well, actually, part of it is, or nearly so, and others parts are driven by the economics including "economies of scale" that everyone is always so knowledgeable about. Make no mistake, we'll get there, but it is a process of innovation that will follow an evolutionary path, helped along with some occasional breakthroughs. In the first of this two-part commentary, we'll cover what's happening to move those costs down at the bottom and in some detail at the top of the chain, with Part 2 aimed at the middle and fleshing out that view from the top a bit more.
Materials and reactors... It all starts, not surprisingly, at the bottom. For those coming from a higher level of the food chain, the simplest analogy the industry offers is that making semiconductors is like making a pizza. You have a crust, called a substrate, that everything is layered on. Then comes the sauce, which is a blend of just the right main ingredients, and little added "spices" that make it unique to the particulars of the kind of pizza you're making. That sauce is the "epitaxial layers" or simply "epi". In this case, you cook it while you add the secret ingredients that make up the sauce, and what you get at the end is an "epi-wafer". Some of the ingredients manufacturers blend include gallium, indium and arsenic (called "source metals"), along with other ingredients, which are basically vaporized and then showered very precisely over the sapphire or silicon-carbide substrate in big things called epitaxial reactors. The most common of the volume production techniques is to use MOCVD, or metal oxide chemical vapor deposition. Taken one word at a time, the name is actually pretty sensible.
Those machines are not cheap, running probably $1.5M to $2M+ each, nor are they simple. They use a lot of electricity and take a fair amount of time to get the layers just right. The rocket science in the machine itself is how to get exactly the right amount of everything even blended, across the whole substrate, on multiple substrates at a time, to tolerances in the range of hundredths of a millimeter. The objective is uniform coverage that minimizes the "defects" which may be holes, or cracks, or shortage or overages of elements in the material that's supposed to be there. How well you do at this step will set the stage for the overall yield, or "percentage of good devices" you get from a wafer. More is better, since you go to all the trouble, time and expense of getting the materials on there, you want every square millimeter to be useful. The reactors take time to do their job, take time to finish one run and set up for the next, and also need maintenance (as you can imagine, flowing a bunch of hot metals at high pressure take their toll on the equipment). There is also a need to purge out anything that's not part of the formula for any particular run, so changing from one color LED, or efficiency level of a solar cell, to another, takes time to clean the previous formula's leftovers out.
Improvements are happening, and while incremental, they are noticeable. A few years back, at one of our Blue conferences in Taiwan, currently the larger of the "Big 2" when it comes to our world of non-silicon epi-reactors, Aixtron, was sharing the migration path to larger wafer sizes. In the simplest context, edges are useless for putting devices on, and the larger the wafer, the lower the ratio of "useless" edge to "useful" interior. A move from 2-inch to 4-inch, and then 4- to 6-inch wafers can provide a substantial increase in the yield per square millimeter from each run if (big if) you can maintain the uniformity. Veeco has made a big push recently to clearly communicate its intention to drive the fabrication costs, from the substrate through a device ready to packaged, down by a factor of 4 by 2015. According to Jim Jenson, Veeco's VP of Marketing for their MOCVD business, these reactors, and their accessories, currently make up about 50% of the capital expense of an LED fab. Their model K465i, introduced in January, has brought in a new approach to the deposition nozzle (technically, their "uniform flow flange") that has enabled a whole bunch of things to get better all at once. Jensen claims that their customers have seen yield improvements from what has traditionally been in the mid-70% range to something more in the 90's with this update. That represents just a yield-based cost reduction of 20-25%. Yield improvements ripple through the whole LED manufacturing process, as a higher percentage of good devices means that for the same amount of work at each step (such as fabrication of the chips and testing), more LEDs get produced. Changes to the line have also shortened the time it takes to get a new reactor up to speed, with recent results being customers having being able to take delivery of one of the reactors, and fully qualify their process on it in just 2.5 months.
LEDs, the other rocket science... It wasn't that long ago that packaged "lighting quality" LEDs were running at $10 for 100 lumens, or 10-cents per lumen (remember, blue and white weren't commercially available until around 2002/2003). Announcements in the last few months have shown us 2-cents per lumen (Cree), then 1.5-cents (Bridgelux), and most recently less than 1-cent for warm white (Intematix, part of today's news). It's assured that Philips, Osram, Nichia and others out there aren't standing pat at 10-cents per, they just didn't happen to specifically promote the price in the their announcements. That's a factor of 10 decrease in something like 5 years. We'll discuss what's driving that in the next installment of this commentary.
Supporting components... Suffice it to say in Part I here that there's room for improvement in both drivers (which feed and control the LEDs) and power supplies (which feed the drivers). The capable and reliable ones aren't cheap, especially when it comes to the power supplies.
Integrated lamps and luminaires... When do we get a $5 LED lightbulb? Maybe never, but not because it can't be done, but rather because it won't make sense to. At some point, a product becomes "cheap enough" that mass market adoption proceeds simply because it is a better solution than what existed before. One of my continuing favorite examples to evaluate some of what is happening, and what we think will happen in this industry, is the progression of the PC market. Introduced in the early 1980's, they started out as $2000 tools, and $1000 toys. You had to really need one for business at $2000, and most mid-sized or larger companies were doing just fine on the "cost per terminal" with their existing minicomputers. Small businesses had nothing in the way of a computer, and couldn't afford the $50,000 to $100,000 or more for their few employees who would benefit. $2000 for the PC, plus another few thousand for what was likely custom software, was way better than paying an extra accountant $30K a year (back then) to do the math on paper. As the business-level machines came closer to $1000, the 20-50 seat installations began to make sense as well, and massive adoption proceeded. Later, $500 PCs put them in most of our homes, but did you notice, they didn't keep heading on down to $300, or less (other than rare deals, so super-strippers)? The distribution channel (retailers) couldn't make the money they needed at that kind of price, and having PCs in every consumer electronics store drove far more sales than a lower price (by mail order) every would. They hit the value point at $500 and have stayed there, with features and capabilities being added, rather than prices proceeding lower.
We can expect to see much the same approach in LEDs, and interestingly, there's a bit of a challenge picking what that number might be. We'll explore some of what is driving that for replacement lamps ("bulbs") and luminaires in the next installment. (Continue to Part 2)...
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